Health

Long-term exposure to arsenic in drinking water may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease even at exposure levels below the regulatory limit, according to a new study on Wednesday.  The study led by researchers at Columbia University in the US is the first to describe exposure-response relationships at concentrations below the current regulatory limit (10 micrograms per litre). It also substantiates that prolonged exposure to arsenic in water contributes to the development of ischemic heart disease. For the study, published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives, the team compared various time windows of exposure. “Our findings further reinforces the importance of considering non-cancer outcomes, and specifically cardiovascular disease, which is the number one cause of d...

While stress is known to significantly contribute to the onset of various health issues, a new study on Sunday showed how stress can worsen colorectal cancer (CRC).  A team of Chinese researchers showed that chronic stress disrupts the balance of gut microbiota, which then hastens the progression of CRC. By eliminating some gut bacteria and inducing stress, they found a particular bacterial species as a potential therapeutic target. The team from West China Hospital, Sichuan University of China, used an antibiotic cocktail -- vancomycin, ampicillin, neomycin, and metronidazole -- to eradicate gut microbiota. It was followed by faecal microbiota transplantation to find whether gut microbiota was necessary for chronic stress to fasten the progression of colorectal cancer. The results sho...

Loneliness is a major risk factor that increases the risk of dementia by over 30 per cent, regardless of age or gender, a review of 21 long-term studies involving over six lakh participants worldwide has found. Loneliness, which involves one feeling dissatisfied with their social relationships, was also linked with symptoms preceding the stage of being diagnosed with dementia, such as cognitive impairment or decline. Both conditions affect decision-making, memory and thought process. However, dementia`s symptoms are severe enough to interfere with one`s daily functioning. The psychological state of feeling disconnected from society is now widely regarded as a risk factor for ill-health, even though studies have shown that loneliness cannot directly cause the disease. "Dementia is spect...

Senior people who are socially isolated are more likely to have an insufficient intake of key micronutrients such as vitamin C and vitamin B6, increasing their risk of health problems, according to a new study. The researchers from University College London (UCL) found that people who were more socially isolated were more likely to have a lower than recommended intake of five micronutrients that are essential for health: magnesium, potassium, vitamin C, folate and vitamin B6. These micronutrients are typically found in small quantities in fruit, vegetables, legumes (such as peas, beans and lentils) and fish, suggesting a diet lacking in these food sources. “This is important as inadequate intake of these micronutrients puts people at greater risk of health problems as they get older,” s...

In a remarkable display of medical expertise and patient resilience, an 85-year-old woman has made a full recovery after undergoing a complex surgery for ovarian cancer at Jaslok Hospital & Research Centre in Mumbai. Savitri Agarwal was initially diagnosed through a CT Scan with an ovarian mass two months prior, when her grandson brought her to Dr Vishnu Agarwal. While surgery was recommended, the family grappled with the decision due to the octogenarian`s advanced age and the associated risks. Unfortunately, Savitri`s condition deteriorated rapidly. A month later, she was admitted to Jaslok Hospital with severe vomiting, abdominal pain, and intestinal blockage caused by the growing tumour. Her condition was critical, leaving her with a life expectancy of mere weeks if left untreated....

Listening to music may help patients recover from surgery through a lower heart rate, reduced anxiety levels, less opioid use and lower pain, according to researchers. A reduction in cortisol levels when listening to music may play a role in easing patients’ recovery, according to a meta-analysis presented at the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Clinical Congress 2024 in San Fransisco. “When patients wake up after surgery, sometimes they feel really scared and don’t know where they are,” said Eldo Frezza, professor of surgery at California Northstate University College of Medicine. “Music can help ease the transition from the waking up stage to a return to normalcy and may help reduce stress around that transition.” Dr Frezza and study co-authors noted that unlike some more active the...

Cancer patients are nearly five times more likely to experience bankruptcy, as financial fallout can follow patients with cancer and their families in the form of lower credit scores and other forms of monetary challenges years after a cancer diagnosis. For patients with bladder, liver, lung, and colorectal cancers, the impact on credit scores was larger compared with other types of cancers, said researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School in Boston in the US. “These are the first studies to provide numerical evidence of financial toxicity among cancer survivors. Previous data on this topic largely relies on subjective survey reviews,” said Benjamin C James, chief of general surgery at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and associate professor of surg...

Over 1 billion young people are at the risk of hearing loss globally due to unsafe listening habits, and it is important for policymakers and regulators to develop global standards not only for device manufacturers but also for users and services, experts have stressed. At a workshop organised during the ‘ITU-WTSA 2024’ in the national capital, Nidhi Khare, Secretary, Department of Consumer Affairs, said there should be training for tracking sound exposure, on the lines of tracking other health parameters like calorie intake and footsteps. "In our culture, there`s a festival called ‘Mauni Amavasya’, in which one is supposed to keep quiet and fast. Perhaps, relishing the sound of silence. I think that is extremely therapeutic and we must realise that together, we can create a difference f...

Karwa Chauth is considered an important Indian festival which involves a day-long fast, traditionally observed by married women. Now also observed by some men to support their partners, the fast is broken only after the moon rises. It usually lasts for 12-15 hours, with people not eating or drinking anything during this period. While Karwa Chauth fasting is a traditional practice and is usually considered food for detoxification, if not done right, it can pose several complications, especially for people with existing health conditions. A drop in blood sugar levels is one such issue. Dr. Ankita Tiwari, Consultant - Diabetes & Endocrinology, Manipal Hospital Bhubaneshwar, informs, “When you fast, the body does not get its regular food source of glucose i.e., no carbs to digest which ca...

In a first, scientists at the Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, an autonomous institute of the Department of Science and Technology (DST) have developed a unique way through the nose to deliver tuberculosis (TB) medicines directly to the brain.  TB that affects the brain is called Central Nervous System Tuberculosis (CNS-TB) and is one of the most dangerous forms of TB, often leading to severe complications or death. The novel nose-to-brain (N2B) drug delivery utilises the olfactory and trigeminal nerve pathways in the nasal cavity and effectively bypasses the challenging blood-brain barrier (BBB). While traditional treatments involve high doses of oral anti-TB drugs, they often fail to achieve effective concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid as the BBB limits ...